A Study on the Correlation between Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion and the Expression Levels of Serum Interleukin-2 and Heme Oxygenase-1

Objective: The present study aims to explore (1) the changes in the expression of serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and (2) the correlation between IL-2 and HO-1.Method: A total of 45 patients with RSA who (1) were admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University between June 2018 and December 2020 and (2) met the inclusion criteria were selected as the study subjects and assigned to the observation group. A total of 45 women with normal and early pregnancy were selected from the same hospital as the study subjects and assigned to the normal control group. The expression levels of serum IL-2 and HO-1 in the observation group (before and after successful fetal preservation treatment) and in the control group were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay double antibody sandwich method and spectrophotometry. The correlation between the serum IL-2 and HO-1 expression levels in patients with RSA was analyzed.Results: The serum IL-2 expression level before treatment was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and the serum HO-1 expression level was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the observation group than in the normal control group. In the observation group, the serum IL-2 expression level decreased (p < 0.05) and the HO-1 expression level increased (p < 0.05) after successful fetal preservation treatment. The results of Pearson's linear correlation analysis showed that the serum IL-2 and HO-1 expression levels were significantly negatively correlated with RSA before and after treatment (r: -0.698 and -0.625, respectively; p < 0.05). The area under curve (AUC) of IL-2 and HO-1 in predicting RSA risk is 0.765 and 0.792 respectively.Conclusions: Serum IL-2 and HO-1 may be involved in maternal and fetal pregnancy immune response and placental nourish-ment; Furthermore, they are related with the occurrence and development of RSA. Therefore, maternal serum IL-2 and HO-1 expression levels could be served as potential markers for the clinical evaluation of RSA prevention and treatment.