Orthogonal mode couplers for plasmonic chip based on metal-insulator-metal waveguide for temperature sensing application

In this work, a plasmonic sensor based on metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide for temperature sensing application is numerically investigated via finite element method (FEM). The resonant cavity filled with PDMS polymer is side-coupled to the MIM bus waveguide. The sensitivity of the proposed device is similar to - 0.44 nm/degrees C which can be further enhanced to - 0.63 nm/degrees C by embedding a period array of metallic nanoblocks in the center of the cavity. We comprehend the existence of numerous highly attractive and sensitive plasmonic sensor designs, yet a notable gap exists in the exploration of light coupling mechanisms to these nanoscale waveguides. Consequently, we introduced an attractive approach: orthogonal mode couplers designed for plasmonic chips, which leverage MIM waveguide-based sensors. The optimized transmission of the hybrid system including silicon couplers and MIM waveguide is in the range of - 1.73 dB to - 2.93 dB for a broad wavelength range of 1450-1650 nm. The skillful integration of these couplers not only distinguishes our plasmonic sensor but also positions it as a highly promising solution for an extensive array of sensing applications.