Clinical applications of photon counting detector CT

被引:47
作者
McCollough, Cynthia H. [1 ]
Rajendran, Kishore [1 ]
Baffour, Francis I. [1 ]
Diehn, Felix E. [1 ]
Ferrero, Andrea [1 ]
Glazebrook, Katrina N. [1 ]
Horst, Kelly K. [1 ]
Johnson, Tucker F. [1 ]
Leng, Shuai [1 ]
Mileto, Achille [1 ]
Rajiah, Prabhakar Shantha [1 ]
Schmidt, Bernhard [2 ]
Yu, Lifeng [1 ]
Flohr, Thomas G. [2 ]
Fletcher, Joel G. [1 ]
机构
[1] Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
[2] Siemens Healthineers, Computed Tomography, Siemensstr 3, D-91301 Forchheim, Germany
关键词
Tomography; X-ray computed; Radiation dosage; Humans; Photons; Iodine; DUAL-ENERGY CT; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; CHEST-CT; FEASIBILITY; IODINE;
D O I
10.1007/s00330-023-09596-y
中图分类号
R8 [特种医学]; R445 [影像诊断学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100207 ; 1009 ;
摘要
The X-ray detector is a fundamental component of a CT system that determines the image quality and dose efficiency. Until the approval of the first clinical photon-counting-detector (PCD) system in 2021, all clinical CT scanners used scintillating detectors, which do not capture information about individual photons in the two-step detection process. In contrast, PCDs use a one-step process whereby X-ray energy is converted directly into an electrical signal. This preserves information about individual photons such that the numbers of X-ray in different energy ranges can be counted. Primary advantages of PCDs include the absence of electronic noise, improved radiation dose efficiency, increased iodine signal and the ability to use lower doses of iodinated contrast material, and better spatial resolution. PCDs with more than one energy threshold can sort the detected photons into two or more energy bins, making energy-resolved information available for all acquisitions. This allows for material classification or quantitation tasks to be performed in conjunction with high spatial resolution, and in the case of dual-source CT, high pitch, or high temporal resolution acquisitions. Some of the most promising applications of PCD-CT involve imaging of anatomy where exquisite spatial resolution adds clinical value. These include imaging of the inner ear, bones, small blood vessels, heart, and lung. This review describes the clinical benefits observed to date and future directions for this technical advance in CT imaging.
引用
收藏
页码:5309 / 5320
页数:12
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