The effects of antibiotics on the proliferation of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in WWTPs have drawn great attention in recent years. The effects of antibiotics on ARGs in the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system and its mechanisms, however, are still not well understood. In this study, EBPR systems were constructed using activated sludge to investigate the effects of ten commonly detected antibiotics in the envi-ronment on the proliferation of ARGs and the mechanisms involved. The results showed that the total abundance of ARGs increased to varying degrees with the addition of different antibiotics (0.05 mmol/L), and the top 30 ARGs increased by 271.1 % to 370.0 %. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), functional modules, and the bacteria community were consistently related to the changes in ARGs. Refractory antibiotics, in particular, have a
机构:
St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Chedid, Marie
;
Waked, Rami
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St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Waked, Rami
;
Haddad, Elie
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St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Haddad, Elie
;
Chetata, Nabil
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St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Chetata, Nabil
;
Saliba, Gebrael
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St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Saliba, Gebrael
;
Choucair, Jacques
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St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
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Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USAUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Erickson, David W.
;
Schink, Severin J.
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Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Phys Complex Biosyst, D-85748 Garching, GermanyUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Schink, Severin J.
;
Patsalo, Vadim
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Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, Dept Integrat Struct & Computat Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USAUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Patsalo, Vadim
;
Williamson, James R.
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Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, Dept Integrat Struct & Computat Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USAUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Williamson, James R.
;
Gerland, Ulrich
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Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Phys Complex Biosyst, D-85748 Garching, GermanyUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Gerland, Ulrich
;
Hwa, Terence
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Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USAUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
机构:
St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Chedid, Marie
;
Waked, Rami
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h-index: 0
机构:
St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Waked, Rami
;
Haddad, Elie
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h-index: 0
机构:
St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Haddad, Elie
;
Chetata, Nabil
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h-index: 0
机构:
St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Chetata, Nabil
;
Saliba, Gebrael
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h-index: 0
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St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
Saliba, Gebrael
;
Choucair, Jacques
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h-index: 0
机构:
St Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, LebanonSt Joseph Univ, Fac Med, Hotel Dieu France, Dept Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon
机构:
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USAUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Erickson, David W.
;
Schink, Severin J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Phys Complex Biosyst, D-85748 Garching, GermanyUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Schink, Severin J.
;
Patsalo, Vadim
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, Dept Integrat Struct & Computat Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USAUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Patsalo, Vadim
;
Williamson, James R.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, Dept Integrat Struct & Computat Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USAUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Williamson, James R.
;
Gerland, Ulrich
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Phys Complex Biosyst, D-85748 Garching, GermanyUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Gerland, Ulrich
;
Hwa, Terence
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h-index: 0
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Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USAUniv Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA