Interest rates affect public expenditure growth

The aim of this paper is to analyze interest rates and public spending to provide policy implications. Concretely, it explores the influence of these rates on public expenditure growth as opposite to the traditional direction view, dealing with 216 countries for the 1972-2021 period and estimating system GMM models. A balanced subsample is used for assessing Granger causality through a recent panel technique. The results are robust for the used dependent and target variables and also the methodology. They show that decreasing interest rates are associated with-and in some cases also lead to-lower per capita public expenditure growth. These results can be interpreted as a twofold effect of shifts in relative prices-through fiscal illusion-and of crowding out of private investment with respect to the public sector.