Based on Transcriptome Sequencing of Cell Wall Deficient Strain, Research on Arabinosyltransferase Inhibition's Effect on the Synthesis of Cell Wall in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

To explore the key genes involved in cell wall synthesis and understand the molecular mechanism of cell wall assembly in the model alga-Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, transcriptome sequencing was used to discover the differentially expressed genes in the cell wall defective strain. In the glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism pathways, the gene expressions involved in the synthesis of cell wall functional components were analyzed. The results showed that in the cell wall defective strain, arabinosyltransferase gene (XEG113, RRA) related to synthesis of plant extensin and some cell wall structural protein genes (hyp, PHC19, PHC15, PHC4, PHC3) were up-regulated, 1,3-beta-glucan synthase gene (Gls2) and endoglucanase gene (EG2) about synthesis and degradation of glycoskeleton were both mainly up-regulated. Then, ethambutol dihydrochloride, an arabinosyltransferase inhibitor, was found to affect the permeability of the cell wall of the normal strain, while the cell wall deficient strain was not affected. To further research the function of arabinosyltransferase, the RRA gene was inactivated by knockout in the normal cell wall algal strain. Through a combination of microscope observation and physiological index detection, it was found that the cell wall of the mutant strains showed reduced structure levels, suggesting that the structure and function of the cell wall glycoprotein were weakened. Therefore, arabinosyltransferase may affect the glycosylation modification of cell wall glycoprotein, further affecting the structure assembly of cell wall glycoprotein.