Deterministically self-assembled 2D materials and electronics

Self-organizing mechanical instabilities provide a promising route to programmatically micro/nanopatterning two-dimensional (2D) materials, which relies on deterministic control of instability-induced self-assemblies. However, due to ultra-low flexural rigidities, various non-deterministic multi-mode coupling mechanical instabilities are extremely prone to be triggered in 2D materials, which make it difficult to controllably self-assemble 2D nanocrystals into designed mode. Here, we report a deterministic mode of self-assembly in atomically thin 2D materials via mode-decoupled instabilities, which is the key to control self-assembled morphologies. Moreover, we capitalize on intermediate-multifunctional layers (IMLs) to construct 2D-materials/IML/substrate trilayer systems, which can implement three-order trans-scale directed and dynamic self-assemblies of 2D materials. Benefited from the unique properties induced by deterministic self-assemblies, we reported a concept for the fabrication of deterministically self-assembled micro/nano-electronics of 2D materials, such as ultra-fast gesture and anisotropic tactile sensors. The deterministic self-assemblies can considerably advance the development of post-programmable micro/nanopatterning technology and self-assembled electronics of 2D materials.