Superficial Surgical Site Infections in Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Analysis of Topical Anti-Biofilm Therapy

Introduction Surgical site infections (SSI) following orthopedic procedures can cause significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in total joint arthroplasty. Biofilm formation in surgical wounds has made it difficult to prevent and treat these infections. SURGX & REG; Antimicrobial Wound Gel (Next Science, Jacksonville, Florida, USA) was developed to disrupt biofilm formation but has not been evaluated in prophylactic use in total joint arthroplasty to prevent superficial SSI. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed at a single institution comparing the rate of SSI in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). SSI data were collected from patients with standard postoperative dressings (Group A: Control) and patients with SURGX & REG; applied as part of a standardized dressing following THA/TKA (Group B: Study). Rates of SSI were compared. Results SURGX & REG; was administered to 120 patients, including 91 TKAs and 29 THAs. The overall infection rate in this cohort was 2.5%. No superficial site infections developed. The control group constituted 566 patients, with 386 TKAs and 180 THAs. The infection rate was 1.24%, which included one superficial infection. Binary logistic regression did not show different odds of developing infections with the use of SURGX & REG; (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 0.54-9.13, p = 0.27). Conclusion In our small retrospective study, Next Science SURGX & REG; Antimicrobial Wound Gel did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in the rate of superficial SSI in total joint arthroplasty; however, Group B did not have any superficial SSI.