Recent progress of green biomass based composite materials applied in supercapacitors, sensors, and electrocatalysis

The development and design of multifunctional, intelligent, miniaturized, and integrated materials and devices is a prominent trend in future society. As a renewable resource, biomass can be utilized continuously under reasonable protection and management. Consequently, the utilization of biomass has become a crucial field and a pillar of future economic and social development. The same biomass materials or different biomass materials could be endowed to different application characteristics through different physical and chemical methods based on biostructure-inspired and bio function/constituent inspired. Among them, the development and application of biomass materials in the fields of energy storage (such as supercapacitor), sensor and electrocatalysis have attracted extensive attention and favor of researchers in recent years, because it is closely related to the development trend of human intelligent life in the future. With these considerations, this review paper aims to summarize the recent research on various biomass-based materials applied in supercapacitor, sensor and elec-trocatalysis during the past three years, in terms of selection of different biomass based materials, material structure design, preparation methods, functional characteristics and related influence mechanism. Furthermore, in view of the existing problems and challenges in these different fields, the author also gives his own views and prospects. The ultimate goal is to provide some more comprehensive information and reference for the further development and exploration of multifunctional biomass and the prediction of its microstructure and properties.