Obesity among those newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis compared with the general population

Objective Obesity is a potentially modifiable risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to evaluate the body mass index (BMI) of those diagnosed with IBD early versus late in life in the context of age-adjusted background population. Design/method Patients with a new diagnosis of IBD from 2000 to 2021 were included. Early-onset IBD was classified as age <18and late-onset IBD classified as age <greater than or equal to>65. Obesity was classified as BMI >= 30kg/m(2). Population data were obtained from community surveys. Results Included were 1573 patients (56.0%) with Crohn's disease (CD) and 1234 (44.0%) with ulcerative colitis (UC). Overall, the median BMI at IBD diagnosis was 20 kg/m(2) (IQR 18-24) among those diagnosed at age <18 vs 26.9kg/m(2) (IQR 23.1-30.0) among those diagnosed at age <greater than or equal to>65 (rank-sum p<0.01). In all age groups, BMI was stable during the 1-year preceding IBD diagnosis. At age <18, 11.5% of the background population was obese compared with 3.8% of those with newly diagnosed CD (p<0.01) and 4.8% of those with newly diagnosed UC (p=0.05). At age <greater than or equal to>65, 23.6% of the population was obese compared with 24.3% of those with newly diagnosed CD (p=0.78) and 29.5% of those with newly diagnosed UC (p=0.01). Conclusion Patients with IBD diagnosed at age <18 were less likely to be obese compared with the age-adjusted background population whereas those diagnosed at age <greater than or equal to>65 were more likely to be obese. Future prospective studies should investigate obesity as a modifiable risk factor for late-life IBD.