The influence of different shaped osteocyte lacunae on microcrack initiation and propagation

Background: The morphology of osteocyte lacunae varies in bones of different ages and bone pathologies. Osteocyte lacunae can cause stress concentration and initiate microcracks. However, the influence of changes in osteocyte lacunar shape on microcrack is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of osteocyte lacunae with different shapes on microcrack initiation and propagation. Methods: Osteon models containing osteocyte lacunae with different shapes were established. The progressive damage analysis method, based on computer simulations, was used to study the evolution of microdamage within the osteon, including the processes of intralaminar and interlaminar microdamage. Findings: Models with larger DoE values can effectively delay or prevent the formation of linear microcracks, which ensures high fracture toughness of cortical bone. It is subjected to stronger mechanical stimulation, making it more sensitive to loads. Models with smaller DoE values increase the load threshold for microdamage generation and reduces its impact on bone mechanical performance, making it less susceptible to microdamage than models with larger DoE values. Interpretation: These findings enhance the limited knowledge of the influence of the lacunar shape on microdamage and contribute to a better understanding of bone biomechanics.