Improvement of the anti-tyrosinase activities by a combination of herb extractions and removing its tannin content as potential use in whitening cosmetics

This research aims to evaluate the using the leaves of Psidium guajava L. (PG), Syzygium samarangense (SS), and Camellia sinensis L. (CS) in terms of combination and removing tannin content for in vitro skin whitening activity. The results showed that PG leaves had the best enzyme tyrosinase inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 205.41 mu g/mL, followed by SS and CS leaves with IC50 values of 223.53 and 518.23 mu g/mL, compared to kojic acid with IC50 value of 20.33 mu g/mL. The combination of PG, SS, and CS leaves in a pair indicated that the proportion 1:1 of PG and SS leaves gave the optimal anti-tyrosinase activity (IC50 value of 172.07 mu g/mL). The PGSS extract was reduced the tannin content by using collagen fiber due to side effects with high ingre-dients of tannins. Increasing the collagen content to 1 g can remove more than 90% tannin content, yet the anti-tyrossinase activity of the PGSS can decrease by 60%. The absorption time longer than 24 h could signifi-cantly affect the flavonoid content. The results determined that the appropriate condition for removing 70% tannin content in 1 g extract is 0.5 g collagen for 24 h with anti-tyrosinase activity with IC50 value of 252.01 mu g/mL. Also, the chemical structure changes of these extracts after each treatment step were deter-mined by FTIR analysis. The optimal extract can be considered a potential candidate in cosmeceutical prod-ucts.(c) 2023 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.