Structural and functional changes in the retina in Parkinson's disease

被引:26
|
作者
Alves, Jordan N. [1 ,7 ]
Westner, Britta U. [2 ]
Hojlund, Andreas [3 ]
Weil, Rimona Sharon [4 ,5 ,6 ]
Dalal, Sarang S. [1 ]
机构
[1] Aarhus Univ, Ctr Functionally Integrat Neurosci, Aarhus, Denmark
[2] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav, Nijmegen, Netherlands
[3] Aarhus Univ, Dept Linguist Cognit Sci & Semiot, Aarhus, Denmark
[4] UCL, Dementia Res Ctr, London, England
[5] UCL, Movement Disorders Consortium, London, England
[6] UCL, Wellcome Ctr Human Neuroimaging, London, England
[7] Aarhus Univ, Ctr Functionally Integrat Neurosci, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
来源
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY | 2023年 / 94卷 / 06期
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
PARKINSON'S DISEASE; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY; ERG; VISION; OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; PHOSPHORYLATED ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN; EVOKED CORTICAL POTENTIALS; PATTERN ELECTRORETINOGRAM; VISUAL DYSFUNCTION; MULTIFOCAL ELECTRORETINOGRAPHY; DOPAMINE DEFICIENCY; LAYER THICKNESS; ISCEV STANDARD; ABNORMALITIES;
D O I
10.1136/jnnp-2022-329342
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Parkinson's disease is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, originating in the substantia nigra pars compacta and characterised by bradykinesia, rest tremor and rigidity. In addition, visual disorders and retinal abnormalities are often present and can be identified by decreased visual acuity, abnormal spatial contrast sensitivity or even difficulty in complex visual task completion. Because of their early onset in patients with de novo Parkinson's disease, the anatomical retinal changes and electrophysiological modification could be valuable markers even at early stages of the disease. However, due to the concomitant occurrence of normal ageing, the relevance and specificity of these predictive values can be difficult to interpret. This review examines retinal dysfunction arising in Parkinson's disease. We highlight the electrophysiological delays and decreased amplitude in the electroretinography recorded in patients and animal models. We relate this to coexisting anatomical changes such as retinal nerve fibre layer and macular thinning, measured using optical coherence tomography, and show that functional measures are more consistent overall than optical coherence-measured structural changes. We review the underlying chemical changes seen with loss of retinal dopaminergic neurons and the effect of levodopa treatment on the retina in Parkinson's disease. Finally, we consider whether retinal abnormalities in Parkinson's disease could have a role as potential markers of poorer outcomes and help stratify patients at early stages of the disease. We emphasise that retinal measures can be valuable, accessible and cost-effective methods in the early evaluation of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis with potential for patient stratification.
引用
收藏
页码:448 / 456
页数:9
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