Alcohol potentiates multiple GABAergic inputs to dorsal striatum fast-spiking interneurons

Parvalbumin-expressing dorsal striatal fast-spiking interneurons, comprising similar to 1% of the total dorsal striatal neuronal population, are necessary for the expression of compulsive-like ethanol consumption mice. Fast-spiking interneurons are driven to fire by glutamatergic inputs derived primarily from the cortex. However, these neurons also receive substantial GABAergic input from two sources: the globus pallidus and the reticular nucleus of the thalamus. How ethanol modulates inhibitory input onto fast-spiking neurons is unclear and, more broadly, alcohol effects on GABAergic synaptic transmission onto GABAergic interneurons are understudied. Examining this, we found that acute bath application of ethanol (50 mM) potentiated GABAergic transmission from both the globus pallidus and the reticular nucleus of the thalamus onto fast-spiking interneurons in mouse of both sexes. This ethanol-induced potentiation required postsynaptic calcium and was not accompanied by a sustained change in presynaptic GABA release probability. Examining whether this ethanol effect persisted following chronic intermittent ethanol exposure, we found attenuated acute-ethanol potentiation of GABAergic transmission from both the globus pallidus and the reticular nucleus of the thalamus onto striatal fast-spiking interneurons. These data underscore the impact of ethanol on GABAergic signaling in the dorsal striatum and support the notion that ethanol may disinhibit the dorsolateral striatum.