Recent perspective of polymeric biomaterial in tissue engineering- a review

Tissue engineering represents an advanced approach to treating patients who have suffered tissue or organ loss or failure, with the ultimate goals of tissue restoration and extended life expectancy. Polymeric biomaterials are increasingly favored in tissue engineering applications due to their advantageous qualities and characteristics, such as adaptable structure, exceptional flexibility, inherent biocompatibility, physiological activity, strong mechanical strength, and favorable biological environment. The latest advancements in tissue repair and regeneration using biomaterials and fabrication techniques for various tissue engineering applications, including dermal, muscle, bone, neural, vascular, oral, corneal, cardiac, and hepatic applications, are effectively demonstrated. Furthermore, the technical challenges and untapped potential of bioactive materials are highlighted to provide a comprehensive understanding of tissue engineering. Therefore, the recent development of polymeric and ceramics for the fabrication of different biomaterials for various tissue engineering applications. This review provides a state-of-the-art biomaterial critical analysis and comparative perspectives from polymers and ceramics and their applications for advanced tissue engineering. The critical analysis and comparative perspectives to stimulate further in-depth research on bioactive materials have been discussed that expand the new horizons in polymer chemistry, material science, and their fundamental applications in tissue engineering. It also provides substantial awareness about polymeric biomaterials and discusses important challenges and future perspectives that highlight future research with advanced progress in tissue engineering.