Optically informed searches of high-energy neutrinos from interaction-powered supernovae

The interaction between the ejecta of supernovae (SNe) of Type IIn and a dense circumstellar medium can efficiently generate thermal ultraviolet/optical radiation and lead to the emission of neutrinos in the 1-10( 3) TeV range. We investigate the connection between the neutrino signal detectable at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and the electromagnetic signal observable by optical wide-field, high-cadence surv e ys to outline the best strategy for upcoming follow-up searches. We outline a semi analytical model that connects the optical light-curve properties to the SN parameters and find that a large peak luminosity ( L-peak ? 10(43)-10(44) erg s (-1)) and an average rise time (t(rise) ? 10 -40 d) are necessary for copious neutrino emission. Nevertheless, the most promising L-peak and t(rise) can be obtained for SN configurations that are not optimal for neutrino emission. Such ambiguous correspondence between the optical light-curve properties and the number of IceCube neutrino events implies that relying on optical observations only, a range of expected neutrino events should be considered (e.g. the expected number of neutrino events can vary up to two orders of magnitude for some among the brightest SNe IIn observed by the Zwicky Transient Facility up to now, SN 2020usa and SN 2020in). In addition, the peak in the high-energy neutrino curve should be expected a few t(rise) after the peak in the optical light curve. Our findings highlight that it is crucial to infer the SN properties from multiwavelength observations rather than focusing on the optical band only to enhance upcoming neutrino searches.