[1] Bank Italy, Econ Res Unit, Trento, Italy
[2] Univ Warwick, Warwick Business Sch, Coventry, England
[3] Univ Warwick, CAGE, Coventry, England
[4] Univ Zurich, Dept Banking & Finance, Zurich, Switzerland
[5] Univ Zurich, Dept Banking & Finance, Plattenstr 14, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland