Analysis of the influence of surface treatment by high-power laser irradiation on the surface properties of titanium dental implants: A systematic review

Statement of problem. High-power laser irradiation may be a promising treatment for titanium dental implant surfaces. However, systematic reviews of the influence of high-power laser irradiation on the different properties of titanium surfaces are lacking. Purpose. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the influence of surface treatment by high-power laser irradiation on the surface properties of titanium and its alloys. Material and methods. The PubMed, LILACS, COCHRANE library, and Science Direct databases were searched, and articles published in the last 10 years were included. Of the 725 articles initially identified, 27 were selected after full reading and the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results. The studies evaluated showed that laser irradiation treatment, depending on the settings and parameters used, promoted changes in the surface properties of titanium. In general, lower speed and a higher number of scans increased roughness. Laser surface treatment promoted the inclusion of more oxygen and improved the wetting capacity of titanium. Additionally, laser treatment improved the adherence of coatings. Conclusions. Changes in the surface properties of titanium after laser treatment have been demonstrated. However, determining protocols with specific parameters is necessary to optimize the results.