Analysis of influencing factors and construction of prediction model for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a single-center retrospective cohort study

Background With the increasing number of bariatric surgeries, the high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) associated with this surgery has also gradually attracted attention. Among the common bariatric surgery methods, patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy (SG) have the highest incidence of nausea and vomiting. The mechanism of occurrence of PONV is very complex. This study aims to explore the influencing factors of PONV in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and construct a nomogram prediction model based on these factors.Methods With the approval of the Ethics Committee, the electronic medical records of patients who underwent LSG from July 2022 to May 2023 were collected retrospectively.Results A total of 114 patients with complete medical records who underwent LSG from July 2022 to May 2023 were included in this study. Among them, 46 patients developed PONV, resulting in a PONV incidence rate of 40.4%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender, the use of inhalation anesthesia, and operation time >= 120 min were risk factors for PONV in LSG. Additionally, the use of more than two kinds of antiemetic drugs was identified as a protective factor. Based on these factors, a nomogram model was constructed.Conclusion PONV in patients undergoing LSG is related to gender, type of anesthesia, duration of surgery, and combination therapy with antiemetic drugs. The nomogram prediction model constructed in this study demonstrates high accuracy and discrimination in predicting the occurrence of PONV in patients undergoing LSG.