The recent advancement in the chitosan hybrid-based scaffolds for cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which cut down blood flow to the myocardium, is a serious health -threatening disorder that causes remarkable morbidity and mortality. To date, scaffolds have opened new prospects for potential applications for cardiac regeneration after AMI. The hybrid scaffolds as novel strategies can improve the performance of scaffolds. Chitosan is a naturally safe copolymer with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Recently, chitosan-based formulations have attracted a lot of interest for scaffolds fabrication. Regarding, chitosan-based hybrid scaffolds have a wide application in cardiac tissue regeneration. This review is focused on the recent progression of the various biodegradable chitosan hybrid-based scaffolds (hydrogels, nanofibers, patch) that have been designed for cardiac engineering. Besides, we discussed, in short, the future perspective and challenges of these types of scaffolds.