Digital technology tool for routine immunization: Lessons learned from open data kit intervention and way forward

Background: Digital technology tools like open data kit (ODK) can improve the quality of routine immunization (RI) data, yet we know very little about how well it performs. Aim: This study evaluated the implementation of ODK for RI data capture and transmission. We also discussed the way forward for the uptake of ODK for RI data capture and transmission. Methods: Sixty focal persons were recruited from 60 PHCs and trained for two days on the use of ODK. The DHIS2 tools that include daily immunization register, daily vaccine utilization summary, and daily TT immunization register were loaded into ODK. The participants collected RI data and transmitted same via ODK to a secure server for 3 months. At the end of the exercise, we conducted six (ten per group) focus group discussions with them. They were interviewed to share their experiences. The implementation was evaluated using Proctor's outcomes with a specific focus on acceptability, adoption, and appropriateness. Results: Findings show that users were satisfied with the use of ODK for RI data capture and transmission. It was reported that ODK removed the need to transport data from the facilities to the local government headquarters for entry into the DHIS2 platform. It was also learned that it reduced errors and inconsistencies commonly reported in RI data. Conclusion: Digital technologies like ODK can improve the quality of RI data in Nigeria. Policymakers and implementers must, however, consider contextual issues relating to the incentivization of staff.