Feasibility and safety of synchrotron-based X-ray phase contrast imaging as a technique complementary to histopathology analysis

X-ray phase contrast imaging (X-PCI) is a powerful technique for high-resolution, three-dimensional imaging of soft tissue samples in a non-destructive manner. In this technical report, we assess the quality of standard histopathological techniques performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human tissue samples that have been irradiated with different doses of X-rays in the context of an X-PCI experiment. The data from this study demonstrate that routine histochemical and immunohistochemical staining quality as well as DNA and RNA analyses are not affected by previous X-PCI on human FFPE samples. From these data we conclude it is feasible and acceptable to perform X-PCI on FFPE human biopsies.