Impact of social and demographic factors on the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in the town of Nice

被引:2
作者
Barjoan, Eugenia Marine [1 ]
Chaarana, Amel [1 ]
Festraets, Julie [1 ]
Geloen, Carole [1 ]
Prouvost-Keller, Bernard [1 ]
Legueult, Kevin [1 ]
Pradier, Christian [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cote Azur, CHU Nice, Publ Hlth Dept, Route St Antoine Ginestiere Niveau 1,CS23079, F-06202 Nice 3, France
[2] Univ Cote Azur, UR2CA, Nice, France
关键词
COVID-19; Incidence; Social inequalities; Risk factors;
D O I
10.1186/s12889-023-15917-z
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
IntroductionSocio-demographic factors are known to influence epidemic dynamics. The town of Nice, France, displays major socio-economic inequalities, according to the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE), 10% of the population is considered to live below the poverty threshold, i.e. 60% of the median standard of living.ObjectiveTo identify socio-economic factors related to the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in Nice, France.MethodsThe study included residents of Nice with a first positive SARS-CoV-2 test (January 4-February 14, 2021). Laboratory data were provided by the National information system for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) screening (SIDEP) and socio-economic data were obtained from INSEE. Each case's address was allocated to a census block to which we assigned a social deprivation index (French Deprivation index, FDep) divided into 5 categories. For each category, we computed the incidence rate per age and per week and its mean weekly variation. A standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated to investigate a potential excess of cases in the most deprived population category (FDep5), compared to the other categories. Pearson's correlation coefficient was computed and a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) applied to analyse the number of cases and socio-economic variables per census blocks.ResultsWe included 10,078 cases. The highest incidence rate was observed in the most socially deprived category (4001/100,000 inhabitants vs 2782/100,000 inhabitants for the other categories of FDep). The number of observed cases in the most social deprivated category (FDep5: N = 2019) was significantly higher than in the others (N = 1384); SIR = 1.46 [95% CI:1.40-1.52; p < 0.001]. Socio-economic variables related to poor housing, harsh working conditions and low income were correlated with the new cases of SARS-CoV-2.ConclusionSocial deprivation was correlated with a higher incidence of SARS-CoV-2 during the 2021 epidemic in Nice. Local surveillance of epidemics provides complementary data to national and regional surveillance. Mapping socio-economic vulnerability indicators at the census block level and correlating these with incidence could prove highly useful to guide political decisions in public health.
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页数:11
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