How to make climate-neutral aviation fly

被引:58
作者
Sacchi, Romain [1 ]
Becattini, Viola [2 ]
Gabrielli, Paolo [2 ]
Cox, Brian [3 ]
Dirnaichner, Alois [4 ]
Bauer, Christian [1 ]
Mazzotti, Marco [2 ]
机构
[1] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Energy Syst Anal, Technol Assessment Grp, Villigen, Switzerland
[2] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Energy & Proc Engn, Zurich, Switzerland
[3] INFRAS, Bern, Switzerland
[4] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Potsdam, Germany
关键词
LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; CARBON CAPTURE; EMISSIONS; FUTURE; TECHNOLOGY; SCENARIOS; STORAGE; IMPACT;
D O I
10.1038/s41467-023-39749-y
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Europe's aviation must reduce more than just flight CO2 emissions to achieve net-zero. Synthetic fuels and carbon capture and storage could help but decreasing air traffic is crucial due to non-CO2 climate impacts and resource constraints. The European aviation sector must substantially reduce climate impacts to reach net-zero goals. This reduction, however, must not be limited to flight CO2 emissions since such a narrow focus leaves up to 80% of climate impacts unaccounted for. Based on rigorous life-cycle assessment and a time-dependent quantification of non-CO2 climate impacts, here we show that, from a technological standpoint, using electricity-based synthetic jet fuels and compensating climate impacts via direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS) can enable climate-neutral aviation. However, with a continuous increase in air traffic, synthetic jet fuel produced with electricity from renewables would exert excessive pressure on economic and natural resources. Alternatively, compensating climate impacts of fossil jet fuel via DACCS would require massive CO2 storage volumes and prolong dependence on fossil fuels. Here, we demonstrate that a European climate-neutral aviation will fly if air traffic is reduced to limit the scale of the climate impacts to mitigate.
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页数:17
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