Rearrangements in the Conformational Structure of Polyelectrolytes on the Surface of a Flattened Metal Nanospheroid in an Alternating Electric Field

A mathematical model has been presented for the formation of the conformational structure of chain units in a polyelectrolyte adsorbed on a flattened conducting charged nanospheroid polarized in an external electric field, which harmonically varies at a frequency much lower than the plasma frequency of the nanospheroid metal. Molecular dynamics has been employed to study the rearrangements in the conformational structure of uniformly charged polypeptides adsorbed on the surface of the oppositely charged flattened gold nanospheroid in an external alternating electric field, the strength vector of which varies along the rotation axis of the nanospheroid. One-dimensional density distributions along the rotation axis, as well as radial distributions, have been plotted for atoms of the polypeptides adsorbed on the nanospheroid surface. At a low temperature, a narrow ring-shaped polyelectrolyte fringe is formed in the equatorial region of the flattened metal nanospheroid, and the fringe density increases with the total charge of the nanospheroid and the number of charged units in polyelectrolyte macrochains. At a high temperature, the formed narrow macromolecular ring periodically shifts along the rotation axis of the nanospheroid with redirections of the polarizing electric field vector. The amplitude of the shifts increases with a decrease in the total charge of the nanospheroid and an increase in the fraction of charged units in a polyelectrolyte.