Measurement and modeling of dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate (an anti-diabetes medicine) solubility in supercritical CO2: Evaluation of new model

The solubility of dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate (DPM) in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was determined for the first time. The operating temperature and pressure ranged from 308 to 338 K and from 120 to 270 bar, with solubility range in mole fractions (1.517-7.933) x 10-5, respectively. Two groups of thermodynamic models were utilized to analyze the experimental results. The first group consisted of 10 empirical and semi-empirical models with 3 to 6 adjustable parameters that relied on temperature, pressure, and density. The second group involved Peng -Robinson equations of state (PR-EoS) combined with van der Waals mixing rule. Subsequently, a new empirical model with 4 adjustable parameters was proposed and its results were compared with those of the three most powerful empirical models. The proposed model demonstrated superiority over alternative models in establishing a correlation with solubility data, achieving an AARD of 14.1%. To evaluate the robustness and precision of the proposed model, information from 27 solubility datasets (found in literature), along with the solubility outcomes of the DPM drug, were employed. The findings demonstrated that the proposed model outperformed other models significantly and displayed the capability to accurately correlate experimental DPM results with notable accuracy. Finally, the total (41.74 kJ/mol) and vaporization (63.03 kJ/ mol) enthalpies of DPM drug were determined, for the first time.