Oxidative stress in animal models of obesity caused by hypercaloric diets: A systematic review

Obesity is a global health difficulty characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat that increases body weight. Obesity has been studied in multiple animal models, of which those in which it is induced by diet stand out. Due to the increase in this condition, other mechanisms have been addressed that are triggered by states of overweight or obesity, such as the appearance of oxidative stress. These models aim to relate obesity caused by diet and how it influences the development of oxidative stress. In this study, a systematic review of the literature of 39 articles that studied obesity due to the consumption of hypercaloric diets and the appearance of oxidative stress in different animal models was carried out. This review identified the models with the most excellent use and the characteristics of the most appropriate diets to characterize states of oxidative stress due to obesity. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of each model used are provided, as well as the techniques used for the assessment of obesity, and oxidative stress, providing the information in such a way that there is a general overview of the existing models of the parameters that allow to adequately establish both variables studied, providing information that allows the researcher to choose the appropriate model and factors according to the interest and objectives of the present research.