Downregulation of Pinkbar/pAKT and MMP2/MMP9 Expression in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells as Potential Targets in Cancer Therapy by hAMSCs Secretome

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Cancer therapy based on stem cells is considered as a novel and promising platform. In the present study, we explored the therapeutic effects of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) through Pinkbar (planar intestinal- and kidney-specific BAR domain protein), pAKT, and matrix metalloproteinases including MMP2 and MMP9 on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. For this purpose, we employed a co-culture system using Transwell 6-well plates with a pore size of 0.4 mu m. After 72 h, the hAMSCs-treated MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and c-Src (a key mediator in EGFR signaling pathway), Pinkbar, pAKT, MMP2, and MMP9 were analyzed using quantitative real time PCR and western blot methods. Based on 2D and 3D cell culture models, significant reduction of tumor cell growth and motility through downregulation of EGFR, c-Src, Pinkbar, pAKT, MMP2, and MMP9 were found in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Moreover, induction of cellular apoptosis was also reported. Our finding indicates that the hAMSCS secretome has therapeutic effects on cancer cells. To identify the details of the molecular mechanisms, more experiments will be required.