Clostridium Bifermentans Infection of a Prosthetic Knee Joint in a Patient With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Case Report

We reported a case of Clostridium bifermentans (C. bifermentans) infection in the prosthetic knee joint of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient, who presented with swelling, discomfort, pain, and redness in the right lower extremity. An uncommon yet potentially lethal human illness triggered by C. bifermentans. Foreign material is especially susceptible to local infection because of the local immunodeficiency close to the implant. Intravenous (IV) cefepime and IV ampicillin/sulbactam were administered to the patient. The idea of performing surgery to eradicate the infection was under consideration, but its necessity remained uncertain, and the decision to proceed with surgery had not been finalized.