Influence of gut microbiome on health and development of penaeid shrimps

Penaeid shrimp are economically important marine crustaceans that include species such as the black tiger shrimp, whiteleg shrimp, Atlantic white shrimp, and Indian white shrimp. Shrimp aquaculture has become a significant contributor to the fisheries industry, particularly in Asia where India is the world's second-largest producer of whiteleg shrimp. However, disease outbreaks and breeding problems remain major obstacles to the sustainable growth of shrimp aquaculture, resulting in decreased revenues and inefficient output for shrimp farmers. Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in shrimp development and health. Next-generation sequencing technologies have contributed significantly to the metagenomic resources of crustaceans, enabling functional investigation of the gut microbiome and providing insights into the precise role of this bacterial ecosystem in shrimp diseases and development. This review summarizes the microbial diversity in the gastrointestinal tract of penaeid shrimps and how they impact the health and development of the organism.