Active Disturbance Rejection Optimization Control for SOFCs in Offshore Wind Power

With the development of offshore wind power (OWP)-based hydrogen production technology, hydrogen fuel cells play a critical role in buffering the mismatch between energy supply and demand in OWP systems. Benefitting from high efficiency, cleanliness, and nontoxicity, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have been extensively investigated. However, OWP-based SOFC systems are characterized by strong nonlinearity and uncertainty and are vulnerable to disturbance, which leads to appreciable fluctuations and even instability to the system output voltage. Since conventional PID control schemes cannot achieve favorable performance, a more advanced control method is imperative. In response, this paper proposes a linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) method to reduce the influence of disturbance and ensure the stability of SOFC systems. In addition, an improved firefly algorithm (IFA) was adopted to optimize LADRC parameters. A step inertia weight was introduced, and a random generation mechanism was adopted to replace 30% of individuals with low luminous degrees. Using optimized LADRC parameters, a series of Monte Carlo experiments were carried out to verify the system's robustness. The experimental results show that the overshoot of the LADRC method optimized by the IFA can be reduced by 5.7% compared with the traditional PID controller, i.e., the influence of the voltage disturbance can be well suppressed.