Kidney Injury Incidence in COVID-19 Patients and Evaluation of Several Function Variables

Background: The clinical spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection includes conditions from asymptomatic and mild-moderate respiratory illnesses to catastrophic viral pneumonia with respiratory failure, septic shock, and multiple organ dysfunction. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients treated at AL-Saddar Teaching Hospital (Najaf, Iraq). Methods and Results: The study population consisted of 190 patients treated at AL-Saddar Teaching Hospital (Najaf, Iraq) between June 1 and August 20, 2022. Clinical signs, lung abnormalities, and a positive result from real-time PCR for nasopharyngeal swab samples have all been used to identify infection. Clinical and laboratory information on the patients was gathered for the investigation. A comparative analysis was conducted between patients with AKI (n=67) and without AKI (n=123). The patients without AKI frequently left the hospital in better health (80.9%), and they did not require dialysis, compared to 22.4% of those who had AKI. The percentage of patients in each group admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) significantly differed with respect to KI: 46.3% with AKI and 15.4% without AKI (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, patients with AKI had a higher rate of mortality (13.4%) than those without AKI (0.8%) (P=0.0002). Conclusion: The results indicated that AKI is prevalent in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and is attributed to in-hospital death rates.