Mathematical investigation of drug dispersion in the blood flow through Stenotic-Aneurysm tapered blood vessel

This study investigates the hemodynamics of nanofluid flow through modelled stenosis-aneurysm models. The models were created using mathematical functions to increase their realism. This study aims to explore how temperature-sensitive drugs coated on nanoparticles could be delivered to diseased areas, with the mathematical model aiding in the treatment of vascular stenosis. To effectively treat stenosis, medication-coated nanoparticles should be applied to the exterior surface of a catheter. The blood flow was modelled as a micropolar fluid flow, which led to the development of highly nonlinear coupled equations for momentum, temperature, and concentration. The dispersion of nanoparticles resulted in changing viscosity effects, making the fluid flow equations even more complex. The model considered the porous nature of the stenosis, no-slip at the catheter surface, and free slip at the blood vessel surface. The homotopy perturbation method was used to solve the formulated mathematical model. The study investigated the convergence of perturbed solutions for temperature and concentration and showed the degree of deformation. Drug delivery to a targeted region is faster in a converging tapered blood vessel than in a diverging and non-tapered artery. Concentration dispersion is more significant in the stenotic region, while temperature dispersion is more significant in the aneurysm region. The results of the study can be used to understand the improvement in mass dispersion and heat transfer in unhealthy blood arteries, which may be useful in delivering drugs to treat stenotic diseases.