Cement-Based Grouting Technologies for Radwaste and Toxic Waste Storage

The cement-based technologies for immobilization of the toxic and medium-activity liquid radwastes, whose cations are adsorbed on the cation ion-exchange resin, are proposed. Two types of bonding agents are used as the insulating matrix: oilwell Portland cement and elemental sulfur modified with chemical additives. It is shown that an introduction of nanodisperse calcium hydroxide into the cement matrix improves the performance characteristics of the resulting compound, while an optimal result is achieved by adding a micron-sized additive into the sulfur binder. A mechanism for improving the strength of the sulfur compound is proposed and probable chemical reactions underlying the formation of its structure are discussed.