Design a D-shaped single mode fiber SPR sensor with a composite nanostructure of HMM/monolayer graphene for DNA hybridization detection

The detection of DNA sequence hybridization has taken on a critical importance for the research of life science, microbiology, and environmental science. In this paper, a D-shaped single mode fiber (SMF) SPR sensor with a composite nanostructure of hyperbolic metamaterials (HMM)/monolayer graphene was developed for DNA detection. The dispersion relation of the Bloch wave in HMM and the energy conversion between modes in plasma resonance were confirmed through calculation and simulation. During the experiment, the metamaterial combined with a monolayer graphene composite structure exhibited the sensitivity and quality factor of 5000 nm/RIU and 40 RIU-1, respectively. The sensor based on the optimal parameters was adopted to detect the hybridization of DNA molecules, and the affinity and reaction rates of DNA molecular hybridization were analyzed based on molecular reaction kinetics. As revealed by the results of this study, the sensor had the ad-vantages of miniaturization, low cost, and specificity detection, which could serve as a novel sensor for DNA hybridization detection from visible light to near infrared region.