Investigation of the Splashing Characteristics of Lead Slag in Side-Blown Bath Melting Process

Aiming at the melt splashing behavior in the smelting process of an oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace, the volume of fluid model and the realizable k-epsilon turbulence model are coupled and simulated. The effects of different operating parameters (injection velocity, immersion depth, liquid level) on splash height are explored, and the simulation results are verified by water model experiments. The results show that the bubbles with residual kinetic energy escape to the slag surface and cause slag splashing. The slag splashing height gradually increases with the increase in injection velocity, and the time-averaged splashing height reaches 1.01 m when the injection speed is 160 m/s. Increasing the immersion depth of the lance, and the slag splashing height gradually decreases. When the immersion depth is 0.12 m, the time-averaged splashing height is 0.85 m. Increasing the liquid level is beneficial to reduce the splash height, when the liquid level is 2.7 m, the splash height reduces to 0.77 m. With the increase in the liquid level, the slag splashing height gradually decreases, and the time-averaged splashing height is 0.77 m when the initial liquid level is 2.7 m.