Paper TRMT61B rs4563180 G>C variant reduces hepatoblastoma risk: a case-control study of seven medical centers

N1-methyladenosine (m1A) is an essential chemical modification of RNA. Dysregulation of RNA m1A modification and m1A-related regulators is detected in several adult tumors. Whether aberrant RNA m1A modification is involved in hepatoblast carcinogenesis has not been reported. tRNA methyltransferase 61B (TRMT61B) is responsible for mitochondrial RNA m1A modification. Some evidence has shown that genetic variants of TRMT61B might contribute to cancer susceptibility; however, its roles in hepatoblastoma are unknown. This study attempted to discover novel hepatoblastoma susceptibility loci. With the TaqMan method, we examined genotypes of the TRMT61B rs4563180 G>C polymorphism among germline DNA samples from 313 cases and 1446 controls. The association of the rs4563180 G>C polymorphism with hepatoblastoma risk was estimated based on odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We found that the TRMT61B rs4563180 G>C polymorphism correlated significantly with a reduction in hepatoblastoma risk (GC vs. GG: adjusted OR=0.65, 95% CI=0.49-0.85, P=0.002; GC/CC vs. GG: adjusted OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.51-0.85, P=0.002). In stratified analysis, significant associations were detected in children younger than 17 months old, girls, and subgroups with stage I+II or III+IV tumors. False-positive report probability analysis validated that children with the GC or CC genotype, particularly in those <17 months of age, had a decreased risk of hepatoblastoma. The rs4563180 G>C polymorphism also correlated with expression of TRMT61B and the nearby gene PPP1CB. We identified a high-quality biomarker measuring hepatoblastoma susceptibility, which may contribute to future screening programs.