Does the severity of carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms vary due to vitamin and mineral deficiencies and anemia?

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of serum vitamin, electrolyte levels, and anemia on carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) symptoms and findings. Materials and Methods: The study included 166 patients with CTS and 80 healthy controls. The patients with CTS were further divided into two groups: those with positive (EP+) and negative (EP-) electrophysiology findings. The participants completed the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) to assess their symptoms, and electromyography investigations were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Results: The mean age of individuals in the EP+ group was older, and the body mass index scores were greater than those of other groups. The hemoglobin (Hb) level was significantly lower in the EP+ group than in the EP- group (P = 0.001). Ferritin levels were substantially lower in both the EP+ and the EP- groups compared with the control group (P = 0.045 and P = 0.017, respectively). However, no correlation was found between Hb and ferritin levels and BCTQ scores. The groups had no significant differences in Vitamin D, B12, calcium, and magnesium levels. No relationship was found between the severity of CTS symptoms and deficiencies in Vitamins D and B12. Conclusions: Based on this study, anemia and lower levels of ferritin were common in patients with CTS, but they did not directly contribute to the severity of symptoms; the significance of this finding concerning CTS is unclear. However, considering the limited number of studies suggesting that iron deficiency reduces axonal excitability and leads to the slowing of nerve conduction velocities, iron deficiency may facilitate the development of CTS.