Non-matrix-matched calibration in bulk multi-element laser ablation - Inductively coupled plasma - Mass spectrometry analysis of diverse materials

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is a frequently used microanalytical technique in elemental analysis of solid samples. In most instances the use of matrix-matched calibration standards is necessary for the accurate determination of elemental concentrations. However, the main drawback of this approach is the limited availability of certified reference materials. Here, we present a novel conceptual framework in LA-ICP-MS quantification without the use of matrix-matched calibration standards but instead employment of an ablation volume-normalization method (via measurement of post-ablation line scan volumes by optical profilometry) in combination with a matrix-adapted fluence (slightly above the ablation threshold). This method was validated by cross-matrix quantification of reference materials typically investigated by LA-ICPMS, including geological and biological materials. This allows for more accurate and precise multi-element quantification, and enables quantification of previously unquantifiable elements/materials.