A novel experimental performance and emission study on CRDI engine using hydrogenated and green biodiesels: A turbo powered engine with hydrogen dual fuel and ANN prediction approach

Studies have looked into the viability and efficient methods of combining hydrogen with fossil or biofuels in internal combustion (IC) engines. Moreover, hydrogen is used to create liquid hydrogenated biofuels and gaseous hydrogen compressed natural gas, both of which are used as fuels. This study evaluates hydrogen's effect on fuel composition and the performance of a turbocharged diesel engine using hydrogenated Madhuca Indica biodieselblended diesel as a reference. Current research shows that compared to fossil fuel, biodiesel blends have a lower energy content and produce more nitric oxide (NO) emissions. An autoclave reactor (Palladium catalyst) partially hydrogenates madhuca indica biodiesel to boost saturation and lower the biodiesel-NO penalty. The intake manifold's hydrogen induction compensates for M20 ' s energy loss. Hydrogen flows to the turbocharged engine remain constant at 10 % energy share. M20 (Madhuca Indica Biodiesel 20 %) and HM20 (Hydrogened Madhuca Indica Biodiesel 20 %) were mixed with fossil fuel (80 %) by volume. M20H10% reduces biodiesel-NO penalty by 3.2 % compared to the blend. Hydrogen induction reduced fuel utilization by 18.9 % compared to M20 without hydrogen. Hydrogen use on engine operation and fuel composition improved performance trade-off at mid load. The study also examined the competency of artificial neural network to predict engine system responses for dual fuel operation which have been evaluated through various relevant error metrices.