What Enables Child Sexual Abuse in Sport? A Systematic Review

被引:7
作者
Dodd, Karl [1 ]
Solomon, Colin [1 ,2 ]
Naughton, Mitchell [1 ,2 ]
Salmon, Paul M. [1 ]
McLean, Scott [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Sunshine Coast, Ctr Human Factors & Sociotech Syst, 90 Sippy Downs Dr, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
[2] Univ Sunshine Coast, Sch Hlth & Behav Sci, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
关键词
sexual abuse; sport; athlete; coach; prevention; systems thinking; RISK-MANAGEMENT; INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE; ACCIDENT CAUSATION; ATHLETE; HARASSMENT; FRAMEWORK; IDENTIFICATION; NARRATIVES; SAFETY;
D O I
10.1177/15248380231190666
中图分类号
DF [法律]; D9 [法律];
学科分类号
0301 ;
摘要
Sporting environments provide opportunities for perpetrators to commit child sexual abuse (CSA). While awareness of CSA in sport and preventative interventions are increasing, CSA in sport still occurs at alarming rates. A systematic review was conducted to identify and synthesize the extant literature on the enabling factors for CSA in sport. The 34 included articles were peer-reviewed and were primary sources; had full-text versions in English; included the individual, situational, environmental, or systemic antecedent factors and characteristics which enable CSA in organized sport (clubs, schools, universities, and representative teams); and focused on abuse in children (0-18 years old), and included retrospective incidents. The enabling factors from across the broader sports system were identified and mapped using a systems thinking-based approach, the Risk Management Framework (RMF) and the associated AcciMap method. The results indicated that enabling factors for CSA in sport were identified at multiple levels of the sporting system hierarchy. The results show that 24.1% (n = 46) of the enabling factors identified in the literature relate to the hierarchical level of the Athlete, teammates, opponents, and fans levels, and 52.9% (n = 101) of the enabling factors relate to the level of Direct supervisors, management, medical, and performance personnel level. However, only 13% (n = 25) of enabling factors to CSA in sport were identified at the combined top four hierarchical levels. Results indicate that the problem of CSA in sport is a systems issue, and future research is required to explore how these factors interact to enable CSA in sport.
引用
收藏
页码:1599 / 1613
页数:15
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