Review of Recent Developments in Technical Control Approaches for Voltage and Congestion Management in Distribution Networks

The increasing installation of distributed energy resources in residential households is causing frequent voltage and congestion issues in low- and medium-voltage electrical networks. To defer or avoid the costly and complicated grid expansion, technical, pricing-based, and market-based approaches have been proposed in the literature. These approaches can help distribution system operators (DSOs) exploit flexible resources to manage their grids. This study focuses on technical control approaches, which are easier to implement, and provides an up-to-date review of their developments in modeling, solution approaches, and innovative applications facilitating indirect control from DSOs. Challenges and future research directions are also discussed.