Dominance of Smartphone Exposure in 5G Mobile Networks

被引：6
作者：
Chiaraviglio, Luca [1 ,2 ]
Lodovisi, Chiara [1 ,2 ]
Bartoletti, Stefania [1 ,2 ]
Elzanaty, Ahmed [3 ]
Slim-Alouini, Mohamed [4 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, EE Dept, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[2] Consorzio Nazl Interuniv Telecomunicaz, I-43124 Parma, Italy
[3] Univ Surrey, Inst Commun Syst ICS, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England
[4] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, CEMSE Div, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
来源：
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING | 2024年 / 23卷 / 03期
关键词：
5G mobile communication; Antenna measurements; Sociology; Power measurement; Mobile computing; Uplink; Taxonomy; electromagnetic measurements; electromagnetic fields; performance analysis; EMF EXPOSURE; FIELD; METHODOLOGY; IMPACT;
D O I：
10.1109/TMC.2023.3252662
中图分类号：
TP [自动化技术、计算机技术];
学科分类号：
0812 ;
摘要：
The deployment of 5G networks is sometimes questioned due to the impact of ElectroMagnetic Field (EMF) generated by Radio Base Station (RBS) on users. The goal of this work is to analyze such issue from a novel perspective, by comparing RBS EMF against exposure generated by 5G smartphones in commercial deployments. The measurement of exposure from 5G is hampered by several implementation aspects, such as dual connectivity between 4G and 5G, spectrum fragmentation, and carrier aggregation. To face such issues, we deploy a novel framework, called 5G-EA, tailored to the assessment of smartphone and RBS exposure through an innovative measurement algorithm, able to remotely control a programmable spectrum analyzer. Results, obtained in both outdoor and indoor locations, reveal that smartphone exposure (upon generation of uplink traffic) dominates over the RBS one. Moreover, Line-of-Sight locations experience a reduction of around one order of magnitude on the overall exposure compared to Non-Line-of-Sight ones. In addition, 5G exposure always represents a small share (up to 38%) compared to the total one radiated by the smartphone.
引用
收藏
页码：2284 / 2302
页数：19
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