Optimization analysis of heat dissipation performance of microchannel heat sinks with the addition of columnar inserts of spiral distribution

To improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the microchannel, this paper designs a microchannel with five types of column inserts with different spiral distributions and numerically investigates the heat transfer and flow characteristics under different geometric structures. The five types of column inserts with different spiral distributions in the order of no insert, clockwise, counterclockwise, same direction double helix structure, and full distribution. All five model structures have the same flow path area, which can more visually demonstrate the effect of spiral bar inserts on heat transfer. The simulation results show that the heat sink with column inserts of spiral distribution has better heat transfer performance than the heat sink without column inserts, due to the column inserts in the flow channel enhance the flow mixing and achieve better heat transfer. The different distribution of the columnar inserts also affects the number of columnar inserts, and the pressure drop decreases as the number of columnar inserts decreases. Among all the considered, the counterclockwise spiral distribution has the best heat transfer performance, which is 5-10% higher than that of the structure without inserts. This is since the column inserts of counterclockwise spiral distribution is more conducive to fluid heat transfer, providing a theoretical basis for improving radiator performance.