Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Exosome-like Nanovesicles as a New-Generation Chemotherapy Drug Delivery Platform against Tumor Proliferation

Extracellularvesicles (EVs) released from cells have shown robustefficacy in drug delivery compared with traditional synthetic carriers.Hampered by the high production cost and complex purification process,the clinical application of EVs as drug carriers is still limited.Nanoparticles isolated from plants with exosome-like morphology andsimilar delivery effects could be a new option for drug delivery.The celery exosome-like nanovesicles (CELNs) showed higher cellularuptake efficiency compared to the other three common plant-derivedexosome-like nanovesicles, which is an essential advantage for CELNsas a drug carrier. The less toxicity and better tolerance of CELNsas biotherapeutic roles were verified in mice models. Then, doxorubicin(DOX) was encapsulated into CELNs to construct engineered CELNs (CELNs-DOX),which proved to be more efficient in treating tumors than conventionalsynthetic carriers like liposome both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion,this study, for the first time, has proposed the emerging role ofCELNs as a new-generation drug delivery carrier with distinct advantages.