Global, regional, and national burdens of depressive disorders in adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2019: A trend analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background: Depressive disorders (DD) including dysthymia and major depressive disorder (MDD) are common among adolescents and young adults. However, global trends in DD burden remain unclear. Methods: We analysed data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study on incidence, prevalence, disabilityadjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality due to DD from 1990 to 2019 at global, regional and national levels. Results: Globally, dysthymia incidence increased notably in females, older age groups, and lower-middle income countries from 1990 to 2019. In contrast, MDD incidence decreased slightly over this period except in highincome North America. Females and middle-income countries had the highest dysthymia burden while North America had the highest MDD incidence and DALYs. Oman and Malaysia experienced largest increases in dysthymia and MDD burden respectively. Conclusion: Despite certain global indicators suggesting a leveling off or decrease, it's clear that depressive disorders continue to be a significant and increasing issue, particularly among women, teenagers, and young adults. Differences between regions and countries indicate that specific interventions aimed at addressing economic inequalities, improving healthcare systems, and taking cultural factors into account could make a real difference in lessening the burden of depressive disorders. More research is needed to understand what's driving these trends so that we can develop better strategies for preventing and managing these conditions.