Ketamine detection in urine samples from patients poisoned by recreational drugs: epidemiologic, clinical, and toxicologic profiles

被引:0
作者
Gomila Muniz, Isabel [1 ,2 ]
Ortega Perez, Juan [2 ,3 ]
Puiguriguer Ferrando, Jordi [2 ,3 ]
Gonzalez, Jesus [4 ]
Tuero Leon, Gaspar [4 ]
Barcelo Martin, Bernardino [2 ,5 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Hosp Univ Son Llatzer, Serv Anal Clin, Palma De Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
[2] Inst Invest Sanitaria Islas Baleares IdISBa, Grp Invest Toxicol Clin, Palma De Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
[3] Hosp Univ Son Espases, Serv Urgencias, Unidad Toxicol Clin, Palma De Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
[4] Hosp Can Misses, Serv Med Intens, Ibiza, Spain
[5] Hosp Univ Son Espases, Serv Anal Clin, Unidad Toxicol Clin, Carretera Valldemossa 79, Palma De Mallorca 07120, Baleares, Spain
[6] Univ Islas Baleares, Fac Med, Dept Med, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
来源
EMERGENCIAS | 2023年 / 35卷 / 01期
关键词
Ketamine; Poisoning; recreational drugs; Emergency health services;
D O I
10.55633/s3meE093.2023
中图分类号
R4 [临床医学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100602 ;
摘要
Objective. To describe the epidemiologic, clinical, and toxicologic profiles of patients who used recreational ketamine and experienced acute poisoning. Methods. Retrospective observational study of patients attended by several emergency medical services in the Balearic Islands for analytically confirmed acute poisoning after using ketamine between January 2016 and December 2020. Urine samples were analyzed by immunoassay and combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Results. One hundred twenty-two patients were studied. The mean (SD) age was 26.7 (6.5) years. The majority were men (77.9%) and not residents of the Balearic Islands (74.6%). Poisoning cases occurred mainly in the summer and in the island of Ibiza (84.4%). Ketamine use was declared by the patient or clinically suspected in 40.2%. The most common clinical signs were tachycardia (43.4%), hypertension (28.7%), mydriasis (27.0%), altered consciousness (25.4%), agitation/aggressiveness (25.4%), and hypothermia (21.3%). Seven patients (5.73%) required admission to the intensive care unit. The drugs most often detected along with ketamine were cocaine, in 93.4%, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), in 78.7%. Multiple-drug use combining ketamine, cocaine, and MDMA, or on occasion additional substances, was detected in 98.4%. Conclusions. Detection of ketamine in urine samples from patients poisoned by recreational drugs is associated with a characteristic profile: young men who are not residents of the Balearic Islands, who attend electronic music concerts, and who have taken multiple drugs. A substantial percentage of such patients are unaware of drug intake.
引用
收藏
页码:6 / 14
页数:9
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