Exhaled breath analysis of non-volatile drugs: Towards clinical applications

被引:8
作者
Huang, Hui [1 ,2 ]
Yang, Jianming [3 ]
Tao, Chen [4 ]
Hu, Ligang [4 ]
Huan, Tao [5 ]
Zhang, Wei [6 ]
Zhang, Keda [2 ,8 ]
Li, Xue [1 ,7 ]
机构
[1] Jinan Univ, Inst Mass Spectrometry & Atmospher Environm, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Speed Capabil Res, Guangzhou 510632, Peoples R China
[2] Shenzhen Technol Univ, Coll Pharm, Shenzhen 518118, Peoples R China
[3] Jinan Univ, Su Bingtian Ctr Speed Res & Training, Sch Phys Educ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Speed Capabil Res, Guangzhou 510632, Peoples R China
[4] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China
[5] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
[6] Guangdong A Healthx Technol Co Ltd, Dongguan 523830, Peoples R China
[7] Inst Mass Spectrometry & Atmospher Environm, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Speed Capabil Res, Guangdong Prov Engn Res Ctr Online Source Apportio, 601 Ave West, Jinan 510632, Peoples R China
[8] Shenzhen Technol Univ, Coll Pharm, 3002 Lantian Rd, Shenzhen 518000, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Breath analysis; Non-volatile drugs; Drugs of abuse; Drug analysis; Therapeutic drug monitoring; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PRESSURE CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; REAL-TIME ANALYSIS; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SAMPLING TUBES; CONDENSATE; METHADONE; ABUSE;
D O I
10.1016/j.trac.2024.117541
中图分类号
O65 [分析化学];
学科分类号
070302 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Exhaled breath is a promising specimen for in vivo drug analysis. The analysis of non-volatile drugs (NVDs) in exhaled breath is especially valuable due to the clinical prevalence of NVDs. NVDs transfer from the body to the exhaled air in the form of exhaled breath particles (EBPs). The generation of EBPs involves multiple sites in the respiratory tract and complex mechanisms linked to breathing maneuvers. The exhaled NVDs concentrations typically fall within the range of pg L-1, presenting significant analytical challenges. Breath analysis for NVDs finds utility in drugs of abuse testing and therapeutic drug monitoring, with a growing body of related studies. This review thoroughly describes the origin of NVDs in exhaled breath, and summarizes the characteristics and limitations of current analytical methods for exhaled NVDs, as well as the applications of breath analysis for NVDs, in order to provide helpful guidance for subsequent basic and translational research.
引用
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页数:17
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