Green public procurement in Russia and in foreign countries

For over 20 years, a number of advanced, developed foreign countries have been successfully implementing the Green Public Procurement Policy (GPP). Rational use of resources, reducing the negative impact on the environment in the aggregate - are the priority tasks of almost all countries of the world at the present time. This policy is aimed at preserving the environment, including reducing the negative impact on the environment. Environmental preservation is possible not only through direct funding, but also through GPP. Through public procurement, the state provides public demand for goods, works, services, creates demand in the relevant markets, but also makes significant investments in enterprises that actively implement and use environmental standards in production. GPPs also form the price-quality ratio in the ecoprocurement. An overview of foreign practices for the implementation of GPP is presented. The lack of attention of the Russian legislator to GPP in the process of legal regulation and financial support of public procurement was separately noted. Taking into account the applicable research methodology, represented by a complex of general scientific (systemic and structural, statistical, analysis and synthesis, abstraction) and specific scientific (comparative legal, formal legal and content analysis of legal acts) methods, the main conclusions of the study are formulated: 1) GPP, creating a demand for eco-products, is the basis for preserving the environment and ecology; 2) since the purchase of goods, works and services produced with a minimum negative impact on the environment requires significant expenditures from the budget, GPPs are used mainly in developed countries; 3) in the process of implementing the GPP, priority is given to projects with the best environmental characteristics, taking into account the prospects of the life cycle and the innovative component of the acquired benefit; 4) negotiations and competitive dialogue were noted among the promising ways of implementing GPP; 5) in modern Russian practice, it is impossible to implement GPP, due to insufficient attention of the legislator to the problems of procurement with a minimum negative effect on the environment; 6) the introduction of GPP into the practice of Russian procurement is possible only within the framework of the developed concept of legal regulation and financial support of public procurement, integrated into the system of national resource supply. The analysis of the best GPP practices will make it possible to develop recommendations for improving domestic legislation aimed at preserving the environment through the massive implementation of green purchases in Russia. The study, taking into account the considered GPP experience in foreign countries, will serve as the basis for the development of the theory and practice of Russian green public procurement.