Impacts of irregular and strategic lockdown on air quality over Indo-Pak Subcontinent: Pre-to-post COVID-19 analysis

被引：8

作者：

Saleem, Farhan ^{[1
]}

Hina, Saadia ^{[2
]}

Ullah, Irfan ^{[3
]}

Habib, Ammara ^{[4
]}

Hina, Alina ^{[5
]}

Ilyas, Sana ^{[6
]}

Hamid, Muhammad ^{[7
,8
]}

机构：

[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Int Ctr Climate & Environm Sci, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China

[2] Govt Coll Univ, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan

[3] Hohai Univ, Coll Hydrol & Water Resources, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China

[4] Urban Sect Policy & Management Serv Unit Pvt Ltd, Lahore, Pakistan

[5] Govt Coll Women Univ, Dept Stat, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan

[6] Tashkent Inst Irrigat & Agr Mechanizat Engineers, Dept Ecol & Water Resources Management, Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan

[7] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Math & Stat, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China

[8] Harran Univ, Fac Educ, TR-63500 Sanliurfa, Turkiye

来源：

CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS | 2024年 / 178卷

关键词：

COVID-19; Lockdown; Air quality; Spatio-temporal; Indo-Pak subcontinent; AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; GANGETIC PLAIN; CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK; OZONE LEVELS; POLLUTION; TRENDS; PM2.5; CHINA; DELHI; VARIABILITY;

D O I：

10.1016/j.chaos.2023.114255

中图分类号：

O1 [数学];

学科分类号：

0701 ; 070101 ;

摘要：

The COVID-19 pandemic has received enormous attention worldwide due to its environmental, and societal impacts. After the discovery of this novel virus in December 2019, the governmental bodies have suspended the social and economic activities and declare an unprecedented lockdown emergency. The present work sought to investigate the impact of COVID-19 containment measures on air quality in the region of Indo-Pak subcontinent (IPS). The satellite retrievals of aerosol optical depth (AOD), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and Ozone (O3) was used to estimate the spatial-temporal extent of major air pollutants in the region during lock down period (March-May 2020) in comparison to the pre-lockdown period (March-May 2015-2019) and post-lockdown (March-May 2021) across the IPS. From the results, a considerable reduction in air pollutants con-centration has been observed during the lockdown phase that in turns significantly improved the regional air quality. Moreover, we have also done comparative analysis among meteorological parameters and ambient air pollutants and observed that meteorological factors were not the main reason for the dramatic reductions of pollutants in the atmosphere. In addition, backward trajectory analysis has been done through the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model to find the path and direction of air particles parcels as large-scale atmospheric circulation is a critical factor in driving pollutant. Following the implementation of strict lockdown, reduction in anthropogenic activities led to a substantial decline in AOD, SO2 and NO2 whereas, a considerable increase in tropospheric O3 has been observed and well supported by other regional studies. Overall, the findings of this study are believed to be a useful addition to the regulatory authorities and will help the policymakers to formulate the air pollution mitigation strategies in a long-term perspective.

引用

页数：17